Beginning the Magnum Era of handgun ammunition, the .357 S&W Magnum, generally referred to as just .357 Magnum, was based off of Smith & Wesson’s earlier .38 Special model. Also referred to as a 9x33mmR round, the .357 Magnum was created by Phillip B. Sharpe, Elmer Keith, and D. B. Wesson in 1934, since becoming widespread and notable for its pervasive stopping power.